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Science Forum Index » Engineering - Lighting Forum » UL is (almost) ready to extract fees from LED / luminaire ma
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| Jeff Engel |
Posted: Sat Mar 03, 2007 12:03 am |
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who wish to sell products in the USA. Do we
need this oversight? Will necessitating UL
approval process affect the USA market, for good
or bad? Have we been at risk for the past many
years without UL doing their "not for profit"
role on LED luminaires? Is this tantamount to
restraint of trade for non USA mfgs.? I guess
we'll never know if USA manufacturers can fend
for themselves without UL keeping the rest of
the world at bay. Has this post been provocative
enough? Here's a link to LEDs magazine where the
announcement was reported
http://www.ledsmagazine.com/features/4/1/3
Bonus Physics Question: Could rational LED
fixture engineering produce a viable design that
violates UL's 90 degree C. rule? |
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| Victor Roberts |
Posted: Sat Mar 03, 2007 8:26 pm |
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On Fri, 02 Mar 2007 23:03:28 -0500, Jeff Engel
<searcher623@comcast.net> wrote:
Quote: who wish to sell products in the USA. Do we
need this oversight? Will necessitating UL
approval process affect the USA market, for good
or bad? Have we been at risk for the past many
years without UL doing their "not for profit"
role on LED luminaires? Is this tantamount to
restraint of trade for non USA mfgs.? I guess
we'll never know if USA manufacturers can fend
for themselves without UL keeping the rest of
the world at bay. Has this post been provocative
enough? Here's a link to LEDs magazine where the
announcement was reported
http://www.ledsmagazine.com/features/4/1/3
I don't understand your problem. We are not talking about
battery powered flashlights but fixtures designed to be
operated from 120 volts and higher. Why should LED fixtures
be exempt when other 120-volt devices are not?
Quote: Bonus Physics Question: Could rational LED
fixture engineering produce a viable design that
violates UL's 90 degree C. rule?
Most certainly.
--
Vic Roberts
http://www.RobertsResearchInc.com
To reply via e-mail:
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| TKM |
Posted: Sun Mar 04, 2007 1:33 am |
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"Jeff Engel" <searcher623@comcast.net> wrote in message
news:g72dnWbZELQBbnXYnZ2dnUVZ_uejnZ2d@comcast.com...
Quote: who wish to sell products in the USA. Do we need this oversight? Will
necessitating UL approval process affect the USA market, for good or bad?
Have we been at risk for the past many years without UL doing their "not
for profit" role on LED luminaires? Is this tantamount to restraint of
trade for non USA mfgs.? I guess we'll never know if USA manufacturers can
fend for themselves without UL keeping the rest of the world at bay. Has
this post been provocative enough? Here's a link to LEDs magazine where
the announcement was reported
http://www.ledsmagazine.com/features/4/1/3
Bonus Physics Question: Could rational LED fixture engineering produce a
viable design that violates UL's 90 degree C. rule?
Manufacturers don't have to meet U.L. standards. They're voluntary. Yes,
some jurisdictions require that lighting fixtures meet U.L. standards, but
the manufacturer doesn't have to sell in that market.
U.L. has competition in the form of CSA, ETL SEMKO and other testing
organizations for the testing business. The standards are written by
carefully balanced committees in an open process. Buildings which use
listed products and pass inspections are rewarded with low insurance rates.
Costs are paid by the industry which also gets the sales dollars for the
products.
The government is not involved.
More than 60% of residential lighting fixtures are now made off shore, so
it's hard to see how any non-US manufacturer is the victim of restraint of
trade.
Sounds like a good system to me especially if I want some assurance that
your LED device won't set my house on fire or electrocute my kids.
Terry McGowan |
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| Thomas Paterson |
Posted: Tue Mar 06, 2007 11:55 am |
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On Mar 3, 11:33 pm, "TKM" <non...@no.net> wrote:
Quote: "Jeff Engel" <searcher...@comcast.net> wrote in message
Manufacturers don't have to meet U.L. standards. They're voluntary. Yes,
some jurisdictions require that lighting fixtures meet U.L. standards, but
the manufacturer doesn't have to sell in that market.
It is not really voluntary as designers who don't spec UL/ETL etc risk
on-costs later if an electrician refuses to install, a building
inspector fails to accept that it is voluntary, etc. To manage risk,
we have little choice in the US.
Quote: U.L. has competition in the form of CSA, ETL SEMKO and other testing
organizations for the testing business. The standards are written by
carefully balanced committees in an open process.
As an ANSI co-author, I accept that the process is largely open,
however, it is dominated by industry interests, largely large
manufacturers who can afford the time investment in involvment in the
process, rather than the small companies that find themselves
financially stretched by the process of compliance and as such, have a
real interest in keeping compliance costs down. Big manufacturers are
better able to amortize the costs across a bigger range and larger
quantities.
Quote: Buildings which use
listed products and pass inspections are rewarded with low insurance rates.
I've never seen this happen in reality.
Quote: Costs are paid by the industry which also gets the sales dollars for the
products.
No, costs are paid by the consumer as part of the fixture cost, that's
how fixtures are costed.
Quote: The government is not involved.
The government and various related organizations give UL its license
to operate. They don't require that licensed electricians are
suitably educated on the voluntary nature of UL.
Quote: More than 60% of residential lighting fixtures are now made off shore, so
it's hard to see how any non-US manufacturer is the victim of restraint of
trade.
Historically this was not true, and the cost of entering the US market
was a huge barrier. Only premium products or those with MUCH lower
manufacturing costs are made offshore and imported, they're the only
ones with the capacity to absorb the cost requirements not only of
testing, but of engineering and manufacturing for compliance.
That said, recently US manufacturers are getting the reverse impact of
UL's restrictive basis as they have engineered to comply but this
makes the fixtures often too large and normally too expensive to
compete in foreign markets, so as the US companies have to expand
overseas to build markets (as they lose share at home) they are facing
the costs that prevented others entering their markets. They would be
better off aligning UL to the CE certification which is being more
widely accepted in the world. It won't happen as there is too much
inertia and the change would be costly.
UL is based often on perceived risk rather than real risk assessment
and this has been a major drawback. For example, if backboxes were
really necessary on downlights, (allegedly to prevent fire) then
Europe would have burned down several times over. Clearly it
hasn't. Standards should be based on real cost/benefit or risk
management principles, and UL is far from this as it stands. The
problem? If UL were (for example) to remove its requirements for
backboxes, the market would be flooded from quality European
manufacturers as well as low cost Asian lines.
Standards are essential, and UL could provide a useful structure, but
it won't.
UL is restrictive and ridiculous and the US industry is going to pay
the price over the coming years.
Thomas |
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| B. Z. Lederman |
Posted: Wed Mar 07, 2007 9:59 am |
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In article <2TsGh.96815$5j1.79385@bgtnsc04-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>, "TKM" <noname@no.net> writes:
Quote:
U.L. has competition in the form of CSA, ETL SEMKO and other testing
organizations for the testing business. The standards are written by
carefully balanced committees in an open process. Buildings which use
listed products and pass inspections are rewarded with low insurance rates.
Costs are paid by the industry which also gets the sales dollars for the
products.
In the U.S., I really don't see any competition to U.L. Many
devices are also stamped CSA so they can be sold in Canada, but
something stamped CSA and not UL would have little chance of
selling here (I think).
I agree that an inspection process by an independant
organization is generally a good thing. Overall, I think U.L.
has a good reputation, though some doubt if eveything they do is
what it should be. The "carefully balanced committees in an open
process" may be the case for some standards organizations, but
I'm not sure if it applies to U.L.
Quote: More than 60% of residential lighting fixtures are now made off shore, so
it's hard to see how any non-US manufacturer is the victim of restraint of
trade.
One problem that has been reported several times in the past
few years is that manufactuers in other countries simply put the
markings on their stuff without actually doing any testing or
submitting any samples for validation. Bogus FCC radio
interfearence compliance statements are fairly common on computer
equipment, and counterfeit U.L. stickers have also been found.
I'm sure many regular readers of this news group have probably
encountered imported lighting equipment or components that was of
very poor or outright defective quality, which also had on it
markings indicating that it met U.L. or other standards.
--
B. Z. Lederman. My personal opinions. |
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| Victor Roberts |
Posted: Wed Mar 07, 2007 12:11 pm |
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On 7 Mar 2007 07:59:57 -0600, lederman@encompasserve.org (B.
Z. Lederman) wrote:
Quote: In article <2TsGh.96815$5j1.79385@bgtnsc04-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>, "TKM" <noname@no.net> writes:
U.L. has competition in the form of CSA, ETL SEMKO and other testing
organizations for the testing business. The standards are written by
carefully balanced committees in an open process. Buildings which use
listed products and pass inspections are rewarded with low insurance rates.
Costs are paid by the industry which also gets the sales dollars for the
products.
In the U.S., I really don't see any competition to U.L. Many
devices are also stamped CSA so they can be sold in Canada, but
something stamped CSA and not UL would have little chance of
selling here (I think).
There are other labs in the US competing with UL. ETL is
one that comes to mind.
Quote: I agree that an inspection process by an independant
organization is generally a good thing. Overall, I think U.L.
has a good reputation, though some doubt if eveything they do is
what it should be. The "carefully balanced committees in an open
process" may be the case for some standards organizations, but
I'm not sure if it applies to U.L.
More than 60% of residential lighting fixtures are now made off shore, so
it's hard to see how any non-US manufacturer is the victim of restraint of
trade.
One problem that has been reported several times in the past
few years is that manufactuers in other countries simply put the
markings on their stuff without actually doing any testing or
submitting any samples for validation. Bogus FCC radio
interfearence compliance statements are fairly common on computer
equipment, and counterfeit U.L. stickers have also been found.
I'm sure many regular readers of this news group have probably
encountered imported lighting equipment or components that was of
very poor or outright defective quality, which also had on it
markings indicating that it met U.L. or other standards.
Fake UL and FCC labels are certainly a problem, but this
problem certainly can't be blamed on UL or the concept of a
product testing and approval process. (This is not to say
that you are implying such blame.)
--
Vic Roberts
http://www.RobertsResearchInc.com
To reply via e-mail:
replace xxx with vdr in the Reply to: address
or use e-mail address listed at the Web site.
This information is provided for educational purposes only.
It may not be used in any publication or posted on any Web
site without written permission. |
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