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| Science Forum Index » Bio Evolution Forum » Catabolism leads to Digestion, Waste Out, Protection... |
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| Tom Hendricks... |
 Posted: Wed Oct 21, 2009 6:47 am |
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Guest
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Here is an example of how catabolic pathways have evolved to
1. digestion processes
2. waste out processes.
3. protection processes
And how catabolic pathways have evolved separately from the anabolic
processes.
Start with lysosomes.
Lysosomes are organelles in eukaryotic cells that contain catabolic
enzymes which breakdown macromolecules for recycling. They break down
waste into simple compounds that are often returned to the cytoplasm
as new material . The lysosomes have a membrane that separates it from
the rest of the cell and protects the rest of the cell from the
lysosomes acidic digestive acids .
Lysosomes seem to have evolved as a catabolic pathway.
In some cases these lysosomes connect with food vacuoles coming into
the cell (endocytosis) and waste going out of the cell (exocytosis).
Each cell seems to have its own food in / waste out processes.
Though found in all eukaryotic cells, lysosomes are most numerous in
disease fighting cells, examples white blood cells. Thus the processes
of breaking down molecules has evolved to protecting the cell, or
organism, by breaking down non-self threats.
Now put all this together. We see in every eukaryotic cell the way
catabolic pathways have expanded from not just breaking down macro
molecules, but
1. digestion processes
2. waste out processes.
3. protection processes
I suggest that basic catabolic bio pathways have evolved to other
processes - specifically digestion, waste out, and protection
processes. And that these have evolved, in many ways, separately from
anabolic processes. |
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| Tom Hendricks... |
| Posted: Sun Nov 01, 2009 8:16 am |
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Guest
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On Oct 21, 11:47=A0am, Tom Hendricks <tom-hendri... at (no spam) att.net> wrote:
[quote]Here is an example of how catabolic pathways have evolved to
1. digestion processes
2. waste out processes.
3. protection processes
And how catabolic pathways have evolved separately from the anabolic
processes.
Start with lysosomes.
Lysosomes are organelles in eukaryotic cells that contain catabolic
enzymes which breakdown macromolecules for recycling. They break down
waste into simple compounds that are often returned to the cytoplasm
as new material . The lysosomes have a membrane that separates it from
the rest of the cell and =A0protects the rest of the cell from the
lysosomes acidic digestive acids .
Lysosomes seem to have evolved as a catabolic pathway.
In some cases these lysosomes connect with =A0food vacuoles coming into
the cell (endocytosis) and waste going out of the cell (exocytosis).
Each cell seems to have its own food in / waste out processes.
Though found in all eukaryotic cells, lysosomes are most numerous in
disease fighting cells, examples white blood cells. Thus the processes
of breaking down molecules has evolved to protecting the cell, or
organism, by breaking down non-self threats.
Now put all this together. =A0We see in every eukaryotic cell the way
catabolic pathways have expanded from not just breaking down macro
molecules, but
1. digestion processes
2. waste out processes.
3. protection processes
I suggest that basic catabolic bio pathways have evolved to other
processes - specifically digestion, waste out, and protection
processes. And that these have evolved, =A0in many ways, separately from
anabolic processes.
[/quote]
Digestion is the best example of how catabolic pathways have evolved
and evolved separately from anabolic processes:
Note that almost all animals have a digestive tube that is separate.
Digestion involves these 5 steps, 4 of which have evolved from
catabolic processes:
Ingestion (catabolic), mechanical breakdown (catabolic), chemical
breakdown (catabolic), absorption (anabolic), elimination (catabolic).
In almost all animals digestion takes place in a chamber within the
body where food is broken down by enzymes outside the cell. Digestion
has evolved to be separate from the anabolic synthesis pathways.
The process of evolution is one that builds on what went before. That
means that evolution is based on the first metabolism or the first
catabolic and anabolic processes. There is nothing else to build on.
And because they are such opposite bio pathways, there is separation
between the two as they each evolve. There is also separate regulation
of each.
Digestion was built on catabolic processes and it expanded and refined
how biochemical pathways could breakdown molecules.
Once you see this step, from catabolic, to digestion, then it is easy
to see how catabolic processes could evolve to not only digestion; but
defense, the break down of non-self molecules; and waste out, the last
step in animal digestion.
Clearly this is not molecular biology like most are used to. It is
looking at the processes on a different higher level. For me there is
real insight here that shows two direct and distinct pathways that
evolved out of basic metabolism processes. |
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