Main Page | Report this Page
 
   
Science Forum Index  »  Physics - Electromagnetic Forum  »  Radio Photons...
Page 1 of 3    Goto page 1, 2, 3  Next
Author Message
Benj
Posted: Wed Jun 20, 2007 12:26 pm
Guest
Here's a typical "Radium" question for you:

Does anyone know of any experimental evidence giving the direct
observation of radio waves consisting of "photons"?

What I mean is it is well known that light frequency waves are not
continuous waves in space. They are rather limited pulses of energy
both in time and space. However, one might surmise that such spatial
limitations are due more to manner in which the light pulses are
created and absorbed rather than because all electromagnetic radiation
consists of limited wave trains.

Of course radio waves ARE limited waveforms as well! The time
duration of a given train consists of the time from when you flip the
radio transmitter on, until you flip it off again. But does that make
the radio wave a "photon"? I don't think so. Just what proof is there
that radio frequency electromagnetic waves are "photons" in the same
way light has been observed to be constructed.?

And oh yeah. Just how would one build a radio transmitter that had an
output of just ONE photon per second? :-)

Benj
Joachim Pimiskern
Posted: Wed Jun 20, 2007 12:51 pm
Guest
Benj schrieb:
Quote:
Does anyone know of any experimental evidence giving
the direct observation of radio waves consisting
of "photons"?

If you consider microwaves as radio waves,
there are quantum dot detectors which can recognize
single microwave photons.

http://physicsweb.org/articles/news/6/6/1
http://www.wissenschaft-online.de/artikel/593467

Regards,
Joachim
Benj
Posted: Thu Jun 21, 2007 11:59 am
Guest
Joachim Pimiskern wrote:
Quote:
Benj schrieb:
Does anyone know of any experimental evidence giving
the direct observation of radio waves consisting
of "photons"?

If you consider microwaves as radio waves,
there are quantum dot detectors which can recognize
single microwave photons.

http://physicsweb.org/articles/news/6/6/1
http://www.wissenschaft-online.de/artikel/593467

Whoa! VERY nice reference! I like the idea of "quantum dots" which
is to say using bandgaps to simulate the closely spaced energy levels
of optical "photon" generation and detection. (I don't read German
though). Of course I don't think I quite recognize submillimeter waves
as "radio waves". Polarization experiments with microwaves, even well
below the far infrared tend to work reasonably well, which indicates
to me that light and short wavelength microwaves are very similar if
not the same. Polarization of low frequency radio waves, in spite of
everyone pretending it happens, has always seemed to me to be
experimentally suspect.

But nevertheless, thanks for the great reference! It's exactly the
kind of thing I was looking for!

benj
Mark
Posted: Thu Jun 21, 2007 4:11 pm
Guest
Polarization of low frequency radio waves, in spite of
Quote:
everyone pretending it happens, has always seemed to me to be
experimentally suspect.



Huh?

Ask any ham radio operator.

Mark
Guest
Posted: Thu Jun 21, 2007 4:35 pm
Benj <bjacoby@iwaynet.net> wrote:

<snip>

Quote:
Polarization experiments with microwaves, even well
below the far infrared tend to work reasonably well, which indicates
to me that light and short wavelength microwaves are very similar if
not the same. Polarization of low frequency radio waves, in spite of
everyone pretending it happens, has always seemed to me to be
experimentally suspect.

Yep, that cross polarization loss you get on line of sight radio
links is just imaginary and doesn't really happen...

--
Jim Pennino

Remove .spam.sux to reply.
Benj
Posted: Fri Jun 22, 2007 8:57 pm
Guest
Mark wrote:
Quote:
Polarization of low frequency radio waves, in spite of
everyone pretending it happens, has always seemed to me to be
experimentally suspect.

Huh?
Ask any ham radio operator.

Um. Ok. I'll ask myself (WD8ASL). Lessee. I've got this 7 mHz
relatively small antenna. It's a normal mode helix mounted on a nice
long PVC pole. And the question in my mind was how should I mount it?
Does polarization really occur and create THAT much of an effect at
these wavelengths? A normal mode helix has a kind of donut pattern so
if you mount it flat (helix axis vertical) it is more or less an omni
pattern with a null directly overhead. And it matches the presumed
polarization you expect to receive. Mounted vertically however, you
can now rotate the antenna to use the side null to reduce
interference, but according to polarization expected it shouldn't pick
up squat. The actual measured results are it makes virtually NO
difference (except for the noise-nulling thing) which way you mount
it. As far as I've observed diversity radio relying on two
polarizations is mostly a joke as well.

So, is this definitive? Well, hardly. The experiment was NOT
conducted in deep space. There is ground plane of unknown
configurations all over the place. Unknowns crawling up your butt!
Bottom line: You can see polarization effects at microwave frequencies
for sure (Yes I've personally done these experiments) but the results
are not very perfect. With light they are VERY effective (Yeah, I've
done these too) But at low frequencies, data is very suspect. Results
are far form conclusive. And yet everyone seems to make the big leap
of logic that since microwaves can be polarized, therefore we have no
doubts low frequency radio waves are also polarized even though the
data showing such truly stinks.

My view is that until the space shuttle hauls a big roll of wire out
to free space and does a few polarization experiments at 1 mHz, I
remain a bit skeptical. Which of course leads to the next issue:
Namely what in hell does a 1 mHz "photon" look like? What kind of
"particle" is that exactly? How big of a "particle" is it? How long
does it take for the energy in that "photon" to be transferred into a
radio?

You guys see where this is going? It's what a guy I knew always
called, "the elephant on the diving board" [Solving statics problems
like the cantilever by considering extreme cases] There seems to be
one more case here of where a theory that works SO well for high
frequencies is just assumed to fall right down the scale to low
frequencies without proof because, well, it saves a lot of thinking
and work.
Guest
Posted: Fri Jun 22, 2007 9:25 pm
Benj <bjacoby@iwaynet.net> wrote:

Quote:
Mark wrote:
Polarization of low frequency radio waves, in spite of
everyone pretending it happens, has always seemed to me to be
experimentally suspect.

Huh?
Ask any ham radio operator.

Um. Ok. I'll ask myself (WD8ASL). Lessee. I've got this 7 mHz
relatively small antenna. It's a normal mode helix mounted on a nice
long PVC pole. And the question in my mind was how should I mount it?
Does polarization really occur and create THAT much of an effect at
these wavelengths? A normal mode helix has a kind of donut pattern so
if you mount it flat (helix axis vertical) it is more or less an omni
pattern with a null directly overhead. And it matches the presumed
polarization you expect to receive. Mounted vertically however, you
can now rotate the antenna to use the side null to reduce
interference, but according to polarization expected it shouldn't pick
up squat. The actual measured results are it makes virtually NO
difference (except for the noise-nulling thing) which way you mount
it. As far as I've observed diversity radio relying on two
polarizations is mostly a joke as well.

At the low HF frequencies the received signal has likely bounced a
couple of times making the original polarization basically
meaningless and even at line of sight cross polarized antennas
don't lose the entire signal.

Quote:
So, is this definitive? Well, hardly. The experiment was NOT
conducted in deep space. There is ground plane of unknown
configurations all over the place. Unknowns crawling up your butt!
Bottom line: You can see polarization effects at microwave frequencies
for sure (Yes I've personally done these experiments) but the results
are not very perfect. With light they are VERY effective (Yeah, I've
done these too) But at low frequencies, data is very suspect. Results
are far form conclusive. And yet everyone seems to make the big leap
of logic that since microwaves can be polarized, therefore we have no
doubts low frequency radio waves are also polarized even though the
data showing such truly stinks.

The effects of cross polarization are easy to see down to about 50 MHz.

Below that, it becomes difficult due to reflections.

Quote:
My view is that until the space shuttle hauls a big roll of wire out
to free space and does a few polarization experiments at 1 mHz, I
remain a bit skeptical. Which of course leads to the next issue:
Namely what in hell does a 1 mHz "photon" look like? What kind of
"particle" is that exactly? How big of a "particle" is it? How long
does it take for the energy in that "photon" to be transferred into a
radio?

You guys see where this is going? It's what a guy I knew always
called, "the elephant on the diving board" [Solving statics problems
like the cantilever by considering extreme cases] There seems to be
one more case here of where a theory that works SO well for high
frequencies is just assumed to fall right down the scale to low
frequencies without proof because, well, it saves a lot of thinking
and work.

Umm, do you think there is perhaps some magic frequency where all of
a sudden photons don't act like photons?

--
Jim Pennino

Remove .spam.sux to reply.
Benj
Posted: Sat Jun 23, 2007 10:12 am
Guest
j...@specsol.spam.sux.com wrote:
Quote:

Umm, do you think there is perhaps some magic frequency where all of
a sudden photons don't act like photons?

Umm, that is EXACTLY the question!

The deal goes like this. Tesla believed that radio waves were
longitudinal. T.J.J. See calculated that even light had a longitudinal
component (although very small). As I see it the true test of
longitudinal or transverse is the polarization effect. So yeah, the
question is can someone DEMONSTRATE low frequency polarization, not
just wave hands and say well high frequencies work so well it "proves"
low frequencies are the same. So far I haven't seen any examples that
convince me. Like I said, maybe a roll of wire on the space shuttle
could do it, but I haven't seen that yet either.

Benj
Guest
Posted: Sat Jun 23, 2007 10:55 am
Benj <bjacoby@iwaynet.net> wrote:

Quote:
j...@specsol.spam.sux.com wrote:

Umm, do you think there is perhaps some magic frequency where all of
a sudden photons don't act like photons?

Umm, that is EXACTLY the question!

The deal goes like this. Tesla believed that radio waves were
longitudinal. T.J.J. See calculated that even light had a longitudinal
component (although very small). As I see it the true test of
longitudinal or transverse is the polarization effect. So yeah, the
question is can someone DEMONSTRATE low frequency polarization, not
just wave hands and say well high frequencies work so well it "proves"
low frequencies are the same. So far I haven't seen any examples that
convince me. Like I said, maybe a roll of wire on the space shuttle
could do it, but I haven't seen that yet either.

Benj

EM has been shown to be consistant from around 10^3 to 10^18 Hz.

What would be the magic effect that would make a difference at a
lower frequency?

As for Tesla, he believed a lot of things, some brilliant, some insane.

--
Jim Pennino

Remove .spam.sux to reply.
Bill Habr
Posted: Sat Jun 23, 2007 7:39 pm
Guest
"Benj" <bjacoby@iwaynet.net> wrote in message
news:1182563824.001900.260800@q75g2000hsh.googlegroups.com...
Quote:

Mark wrote:
Polarization of low frequency radio waves, in spite of
everyone pretending it happens, has always seemed to me to be
experimentally suspect.

Huh?
Ask any ham radio operator.

Um. Ok. I'll ask myself (WD8ASL). Lessee. I've got this 7 mHz
relatively small antenna. It's a normal mode helix mounted on a nice
long PVC pole. And the question in my mind was how should I mount it?
Does polarization really occur and create THAT much of an effect at
these wavelengths? A normal mode helix has a kind of donut pattern so
if you mount it flat (helix axis vertical) it is more or less an omni
pattern with a null directly overhead. And it matches the presumed
polarization you expect to receive. Mounted vertically however, you
can now rotate the antenna to use the side null to reduce
interference, but according to polarization expected it shouldn't pick
up squat. The actual measured results are it makes virtually NO
difference (except for the noise-nulling thing) which way you mount
it.

Well, the helical antenna does have, under the right dimensions, true circular
polarization and if not it does approximate circular polarization so what the HELL do you
expect?




Quote:
As far as I've observed diversity radio relying on two
polarizations is mostly a joke as well.

So, is this definitive? Well, hardly. The experiment was NOT
conducted in deep space. There is ground plane of unknown
configurations all over the place. Unknowns crawling up your butt!
Bottom line: You can see polarization effects at microwave frequencies
for sure (Yes I've personally done these experiments) but the results
are not very perfect. With light they are VERY effective (Yeah, I've
done these too) But at low frequencies, data is very suspect. Results
are far form conclusive. And yet everyone seems to make the big leap
of logic that since microwaves can be polarized, therefore we have no
doubts low frequency radio waves are also polarized even though the
data showing such truly stinks.

My view is that until the space shuttle hauls a big roll of wire out
to free space and does a few polarization experiments at 1 mHz, I
remain a bit skeptical. Which of course leads to the next issue:
Namely what in hell does a 1 mHz "photon" look like? What kind of
"particle" is that exactly? How big of a "particle" is it? How long
does it take for the energy in that "photon" to be transferred into a
radio?

You guys see where this is going? It's what a guy I knew always
called, "the elephant on the diving board" [Solving statics problems
like the cantilever by considering extreme cases] There seems to be
one more case here of where a theory that works SO well for high
frequencies is just assumed to fall right down the scale to low
frequencies without proof because, well, it saves a lot of thinking
and work.
Guest
Posted: Sat Jun 23, 2007 8:35 pm
Bill Habr <billhabr@sbcglobal.net> wrote:

Quote:
"Benj" <bjacoby@iwaynet.net> wrote in message
news:1182563824.001900.260800@q75g2000hsh.googlegroups.com...

Mark wrote:
Polarization of low frequency radio waves, in spite of
everyone pretending it happens, has always seemed to me to be
experimentally suspect.

Huh?
Ask any ham radio operator.

Um. Ok. I'll ask myself (WD8ASL). Lessee. I've got this 7 mHz
relatively small antenna. It's a normal mode helix mounted on a nice
long PVC pole. And the question in my mind was how should I mount it?
Does polarization really occur and create THAT much of an effect at
these wavelengths? A normal mode helix has a kind of donut pattern so
if you mount it flat (helix axis vertical) it is more or less an omni
pattern with a null directly overhead. And it matches the presumed
polarization you expect to receive. Mounted vertically however, you
can now rotate the antenna to use the side null to reduce
interference, but according to polarization expected it shouldn't pick
up squat. The actual measured results are it makes virtually NO
difference (except for the noise-nulling thing) which way you mount
it.

Well, the helical antenna does have, under the right dimensions, true circular
polarization and if not it does approximate circular polarization so what the HELL do you
expect?

What he's describing isn't a helical antenna, it's a helically wound,
continuously loaded, short antenna.


--
Jim Pennino

Remove .spam.sux to reply.
Benj
Posted: Sun Jun 24, 2007 12:04 am
Guest
j...@specsol.spam.sux.com wrote:

Quote:
What he's describing isn't a helical antenna, it's a helically wound,
continuously loaded, short antenna.

That is correct. If the antenna had no pitch it would be termed the
DDRR antenna.
With a pitch J.D. Kraus terms it the "normal mode helix" which is
quite different from the usual helix that radiates out the end.

Benj
Timo A. Nieminen
Posted: Sun Jun 24, 2007 12:23 am
Guest
On Wed, 20 Jun 2007, Benj wrote:

Quote:
Does anyone know of any experimental evidence giving the direct
observation of radio waves consisting of "photons"?

Does anyone know of any experimental evidence giving the direct
observation of visible light waves consisting of "photons"? Basically,
what do you mean by "direct"?

Perhaps not "direct" enough for you, but: NMR, 21 cm hydrogen line,
blackbody spectrum at low temperature (eg microwave background radiation),
sufficiently Doppler-shifted to the red visible light being identical to
radio waves.

Quote:
What I mean is it is well known that light frequency waves are not
continuous waves in space. They are rather limited pulses of energy
both in time and space.

Why do you say this is well known, since it isn't true, at least in the
sense that you imply? OK, a physically realisable EM wave - optical or
radio frequencies - is spatially and temporally limited, but that has
essentially nothing to do with photons. Wavefunction of X != X.

Consider an atomic dipole transition. The classical wave associated with
the photon is basically the same as the EM wave emitted by a short dipole
antenna. The photon - including all of the radiated energy - is absorbed
by a receiving atom in one particular direction. The ultimate is a photon
in a (unphysical) plane wave mode. The classical EM fields (effectively
the wavefunction) extend everywhere and everywhen. Look for the photon,
and find it in one spot and time. Try the physically realisable
approximation, and get a similar result. A "point-like" photon doesn't
imply a localised wavefunction.

Recommended reading: Lamb's classic "Anti-photon", App Phys B 60, 1995
iirc, and the special section on photons in Optics and Photonics News a
few years ago.

Quote:
And oh yeah. Just how would one build a radio transmitter that had an
output of just ONE photon per second? Smile

Antenna and absorber surrounding it.

--
Timo Nieminen - Home page: http://www.physics.uq.edu.au/people/nieminen/
E-prints: http://eprint.uq.edu.au/view/person/Nieminen,_Timo_A..html
Shrine to Spirits: http://www.users.bigpond.com/timo_nieminen/spirits.html
Timo A. Nieminen
Posted: Sun Jun 24, 2007 1:02 am
Guest
On Thu, 21 Jun 2007, Benj wrote:

Quote:
Polarization experiments with microwaves, even well
below the far infrared tend to work reasonably well, which indicates
to me that light and short wavelength microwaves are very similar if
not the same. Polarization of low frequency radio waves, in spite of
everyone pretending it happens, has always seemed to me to be
experimentally suspect.

Go to the lowest frequencies possible. Zero. Wire, DC current, iron
filings. What more do you want?

Polarisation of low frequency radio waves just means that E and H are
vector fields. If low F radio waves aren't polarised it means that either
(a) the field is scalar or (b) the direction of the field is uncorrelated
with the direction of the current or position of source charge. The
experimental evidence against (a) and (b) is quite good.

Wrt your mention of longitudinal waves elsewhere in the thread, recall
that "transverse", in the context of transverse EM waves means that
div(E)=0, div(H)=0. "Longitudinal" means that curl(E) or curl(H) = 0. The
best experimental evidence of transversality are the experimental tests of
the inverse square-ness of Coulomb's law.

--
Timo Nieminen - Home page: http://www.physics.uq.edu.au/people/nieminen/
E-prints: http://eprint.uq.edu.au/view/person/Nieminen,_Timo_A..html
Shrine to Spirits: http://www.users.bigpond.com/timo_nieminen/spirits.html
Timo A. Nieminen
Posted: Sun Jun 24, 2007 1:06 am
Guest
On Sat, 23 Jun 2007, Benj wrote:

Quote:
T.J.J. See calculated that even light had a longitudinal
component (although very small).

Reference? I know his 8 part aether-theory series in Astr. Nach., which
seems like a likely place to look for it, but if you have a specific
reference, that would make it much easier.

--
Timo Nieminen - Home page: http://www.physics.uq.edu.au/people/nieminen/
E-prints: http://eprint.uq.edu.au/view/person/Nieminen,_Timo_A..html
Shrine to Spirits: http://www.users.bigpond.com/timo_nieminen/spirits.html
 
Page 1 of 3    Goto page 1, 2, 3  Next   All times are GMT - 5 Hours
The time now is Sat Oct 11, 2008 8:01 am