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Kris
Posted: Wed Sep 17, 2003 10:21 am
Guest
Hello,

I know that the major component of most types of glass is silicon dioxide.
I've heard that sand is essentially silicon dioxide. How true is that? In
general would it be possible to melt regular sand to produce a low quality
glass block?

Kris
Terry Harper
Posted: Wed Sep 17, 2003 10:58 am
Guest
"Kris" <Kris7@softhome.net> wrote in message
news:BB8DD833.B093%Kris7@softhome.net...
Quote:

I know that the major component of most types of glass is silicon dioxide.
I've heard that sand is essentially silicon dioxide. How true is that?
In
general would it be possible to melt regular sand to produce a low quality
glass block?

Yes, silica sand is mostly silica. There are also impurities.

Unfortunately silica melts at a very high temperature, and it is
impracticable to make a low-quality glass block this way. First melt some
glass, then press it in a mould, then anneal it. You need to make perhaps
20+tonnes/day to have a technically sensible operation.
--
Terry Harper
http://www.terry.harper.btinternet.co.uk/
LUCA
Posted: Wed Sep 17, 2003 11:38 am
Guest
"Kris" <Kris7@softhome.net> ha scritto nel messaggio
news:BB8DD833.B093%Kris7@softhome.net...
Quote:
Hello,

I know that the major component of most types of glass is silicon dioxide.
There are many kind of glasses
I've heard that sand is essentially silicon dioxide. How true is that?
It's true if you've silica sand (very common), but there are feldspar sand

e.g.
In
Quote:
general would it be possible to melt regular sand to produce a low quality
glass block?
You can try I think so
Kris


Bye Luca
EPK
Posted: Wed Sep 17, 2003 1:38 pm
Guest
"Kris" <Kris7@softhome.net> wrote in message
news:BB8DD833.B093%Kris7@softhome.net...
Quote:
Hello,

I know that the major component of most types of glass is silicon dioxide.
I've heard that sand is essentially silicon dioxide. How true is that?
In
general would it be possible to melt regular sand to produce a low quality
glass block?

Kris

Yes, although the impurities would be uncontrolled. Using "soda" with the

sand would reduce the melting / softening temperature, if you are thinking
about do-at-home type projects. This is important, since the required temp
is quite high.
Uncle Al
Posted: Wed Sep 17, 2003 2:13 pm
Guest
Kris wrote:
Quote:

Hello,

I know that the major component of most types of glass is silicon dioxide.
I've heard that sand is essentially silicon dioxide. How true is that? In
general would it be possible to melt regular sand to produce a low quality
glass block?

Sand is a mess of stuff. Transition metal contamination causes
coloration in the resulting glass. Molten silica is too viscous and
requires too high a temp to be useful. You drop viscosity and lower
melting point by adding chain terminators (alkali monocations - sodium
carbonate) or lowering network connectivity (borate, lead oxide, Group
II cations). If you add too much sodium and destroy the network you
get water glass.

You could melt basalt (rhyolite) and quench to obsidian.

--
Uncle Al
http://www.mazepath.com/uncleal/
(Toxic URL! Unsafe for children and most mammals)
"Quis custodiet ipsos custodes?" The Net!
Gregg
Posted: Wed Sep 17, 2003 8:00 pm
Guest
"Kris" <Kris7@softhome.net> wrote in message
news:BB8DD833.B093%Kris7@softhome.net...
Quote:
Hello,

I know that the major component of most types of glass is silicon dioxide.
I've heard that sand is essentially silicon dioxide. How true is that?
In
general would it be possible to melt regular sand to produce a low quality
glass block?

Kris

You can make a very primitive glass fairly easily from a recipe. (or not)

sand + soda ash + limestone+borax .... etc. etc.
If you are making a large piece - you must anneal it correctly to remove the
residual stress.
If the block is not annealed properly - it can blow up in your face at -
and I mean blow up! - at any time - without warning!
You'll be picking bits of glass out of your butt for quite a while (at least
the pieces the folks at the ER didn't find)! - even small pieces can pack a
punch!
If this is an art project - Yes people work with glass all the time - but
you should know what you are doing to avoid injury.
If this is for commercial uses - Forget it - modern glass smelters are very
efficient and capital intensive. They typically use O2 enriched burners,
huge heat exchangers, special refractories, bring raw materials in by the
train car load, etc. etc...............
Good Luck
Gregg
Brendan Hall
Posted: Wed Sep 17, 2003 8:41 pm
Guest
"Kris" <Kris7@softhome.net> wrote in message
news:BB8DD833.B093%Kris7@softhome.net...
Quote:
Hello,

I know that the major component of most types of glass is silicon dioxide.
I've heard that sand is essentially silicon dioxide. How true is that?
In
general would it be possible to melt regular sand to produce a low quality
glass block?

When the first Survivor show was on television, I wondered how I would
survive on a deserted island. Specifically, how could I create a means of
obtaining fresh water in the dry season. Being an impractical lab rat, I
immediately thought of making a distillation plant out of glass, using sea
water. So where to get the glass? I'm not sure how well this would work,
but I thought of grinding seashells (for calcium) and mixing it with the
sand and, maybe, a little sea salt. How do you think this would work? Any
other ideas?

Brendan Hall
Uncle Al
Posted: Wed Sep 17, 2003 9:41 pm
Guest
Gregg wrote:
Quote:

"Kris" <Kris7@softhome.net> wrote in message
news:BB8DD833.B093%Kris7@softhome.net...
Hello,

I know that the major component of most types of glass is silicon dioxide.
I've heard that sand is essentially silicon dioxide. How true is that?
In
general would it be possible to melt regular sand to produce a low quality
glass block?

Kris

You can make a very primitive glass fairly easily from a recipe. (or not)
sand + soda ash + limestone+borax .... etc. etc.
If you are making a large piece - you must anneal it correctly to remove the
residual stress.
If the block is not annealed properly - it can blow up in your face at -
and I mean blow up! - at any time - without warning!
You'll be picking bits of glass out of your butt for quite a while (at least
the pieces the folks at the ER didn't find)! - even small pieces can pack a
punch!
If this is an art project - Yes people work with glass all the time - but
you should know what you are doing to avoid injury.
If this is for commercial uses - Forget it - modern glass smelters are very
efficient and capital intensive. They typically use O2 enriched burners,
huge heat exchangers, special refractories, bring raw materials in by the
train car load, etc. etc...............
Good Luck
Gregg

The really kewl ones use platinum electrodes and massive electric
currents to heat molten glass resistively. It is a wonderfully mad
idea. You are very right about cooling big blocks of soda lime. If
it is not annealed it can be deadly. Look at it between crossed
polarizers. If you see strain you have a potential bomb. Pyrex is
more forgiving. Anneal it.

--
Uncle Al
http://www.mazepath.com/uncleal/
(Toxic URL! Unsafe for children and most mammals)
"Quis custodiet ipsos custodes?" The Net!
Terry Harper
Posted: Wed Sep 17, 2003 11:43 pm
Guest
"Uncle Al" <UncleAl0@hate.spam.net> wrote in message
news:3F692987.D54B4F6B@hate.spam.net...
Quote:

The really kewl ones use platinum electrodes and massive electric
currents to heat molten glass resistively. It is a wonderfully mad
idea. You are very right about cooling big blocks of soda lime. If
it is not annealed it can be deadly. Look at it between crossed
polarizers. If you see strain you have a potential bomb. Pyrex is
more forgiving. Anneal it.

Platinum is used in special applications, see
http://www.glassonline.com/eglass/ for some examples. However tin oxide or
molybdenum electrodes are much more widely used, according to the glass
involved.

Either way it is big bucks to get started, and even more to keep going. It's
not a cottage industry.
--
Terry Harper
http://www.terry.harper.btinternet.co.uk/
Uncle Al
Posted: Fri Sep 19, 2003 9:11 am
Guest
Brendan Hall wrote:
Quote:

"Kris" <Kris7@softhome.net> wrote in message
news:BB8DD833.B093%Kris7@softhome.net...
Hello,

I know that the major component of most types of glass is silicon dioxide.
I've heard that sand is essentially silicon dioxide. How true is that?
In
general would it be possible to melt regular sand to produce a low quality
glass block?

When the first Survivor show was on television, I wondered how I would
survive on a deserted island. Specifically, how could I create a means of
obtaining fresh water in the dry season. Being an impractical lab rat, I
immediately thought of making a distillation plant out of glass, using sea
water. So where to get the glass? I'm not sure how well this would work,
but I thought of grinding seashells (for calcium) and mixing it with the
sand and, maybe, a little sea salt. How do you think this would work? Any
other ideas?

You scoop up water from land drainage and stagnant pools. Sterilizing
it is left as an exercise for the alert reader.

--
Uncle Al
http://www.mazepath.com/uncleal/
(Toxic URL! Unsafe for children and most mammals)
"Quis custodiet ipsos custodes?" The Net!
Terry Harper
Posted: Fri Sep 19, 2003 9:31 am
Guest
"Brendan Hall" <bhall@minmet.uq.edu.au> wrote in message
news:bkdvkr$fk1$1@bunyip.cc.uq.edu.au...
Quote:

When the first Survivor show was on television, I wondered how I would
survive on a deserted island. Specifically, how could I create a means of
obtaining fresh water in the dry season. Being an impractical lab rat, I
immediately thought of making a distillation plant out of glass, using sea
water. So where to get the glass? I'm not sure how well this would work,
but I thought of grinding seashells (for calcium) and mixing it with the
sand and, maybe, a little sea salt. How do you think this would work?
Any
other ideas?

Try a lot of sea salt. Roughly speaking you need 75 sand, 20 seashells, and
about 30 salt, all dry weights.

Next you need to find a source of clay, to build the furnace and to make the
pot in which to melt the glass. Presumably you have plenty of wood to fire
the furnace.

Last of all, you will need an iron or steel tube to gather and blow the
glass to make your tubing. Oh, and another person to hold the other end of
the glass tube as you walk away from him to draw it.
--
Terry Harper
http://www.terry.harper.btinternet.co.uk/
Gregg
Posted: Fri Sep 19, 2003 8:04 pm
Guest
"Terry Harper" <Terry.Harper@btinternet.com> wrote in message
news:bkflhj$2bt$1@hercules.btinternet.com...
Quote:
"Brendan Hall" <bhall@minmet.uq.edu.au> wrote in message
news:bkdvkr$fk1$1@bunyip.cc.uq.edu.au...

When the first Survivor show was on television, I wondered how I would
survive on a deserted island. Specifically, how could I create a means
of
obtaining fresh water in the dry season. Being an impractical lab rat,
I
immediately thought of making a distillation plant out of glass, using
sea
water. So where to get the glass? I'm not sure how well this would
work,
but I thought of grinding seashells (for calcium) and mixing it with the
sand and, maybe, a little sea salt. How do you think this would work?
Any
other ideas?

Try a lot of sea salt. Roughly speaking you need 75 sand, 20 seashells,
and
about 30 salt, all dry weights.

Next you need to find a source of clay, to build the furnace and to make
the
pot in which to melt the glass. Presumably you have plenty of wood to fire
the furnace.

Last of all, you will need an iron or steel tube to gather and blow the
glass to make your tubing. Oh, and another person to hold the other end of
the glass tube as you walk away from him to draw it.
--
Terry Harper
http://www.terry.harper.btinternet.co.uk/

That sounds like a Peace Corps project I heard about.
They dumped a couple of ceramic engineers in god knows where and their job
was to start a local ceramics (pots and such) and glass industry (cottage
industry) from nothing but the raw materials in the region. The baked
primitive brick in ground kilns (dig a hole - start a fire with charcoal -
cover it up) and they used the brick to build a kiln so they could make real
refractory brick.
The real refractory brick was used to make a higher temperature kiln. The
kilns were used to produce good earthen ware. They also smelted some glass
(frit) for the glazes (I guess they had trouble developing a raw material
glaze)
sounds like a fun project.
Gregg
>
Terry Harper
Posted: Sat Sep 20, 2003 9:21 am
Guest
"Gregg" <gcrume@adelphia.net> wrote in message
news:6BOab.1505$iT4.990843@news1.news.adelphia.net...
Quote:

That sounds like a Peace Corps project I heard about.
They dumped a couple of ceramic engineers in god knows where and their job
was to start a local ceramics (pots and such) and glass industry (cottage
industry) from nothing but the raw materials in the region. The baked
primitive brick in ground kilns (dig a hole - start a fire with charcoal -
cover it up) and they used the brick to build a kiln so they could make
real
refractory brick.
The real refractory brick was used to make a higher temperature kiln. The
kilns were used to produce good earthen ware. They also smelted some
glass
(frit) for the glazes (I guess they had trouble developing a raw material
glaze)
sounds like a fun project.

It does indeed. Ceramic glazes vary a lot. The old salt glaze is relatively
uncomplicated. Getting whites and colours needs some raw materials not
usually found in your average locality. The major problem is matching the
CofE for the body. A lot of trial and most of it error:-)
--
Terry Harper
http://www.terry.harper.btinternet.co.uk/
Brendan Hall
Posted: Sun Sep 21, 2003 12:25 am
Guest
"Uncle Al" <UncleAl0@hate.spam.net> wrote in message
news:3F6B1C97.CE6D78A3@hate.spam.net...
Quote:
Brendan Hall wrote:

"Kris" <Kris7@softhome.net> wrote in message
news:BB8DD833.B093%Kris7@softhome.net...
Hello,

I know that the major component of most types of glass is silicon
dioxide.
I've heard that sand is essentially silicon dioxide. How true is
that?
In
general would it be possible to melt regular sand to produce a low
quality
glass block?

When the first Survivor show was on television, I wondered how I would
survive on a deserted island. Specifically, how could I create a means
of
obtaining fresh water in the dry season. Being an impractical lab rat,
I
immediately thought of making a distillation plant out of glass, using
sea
water. So where to get the glass? I'm not sure how well this would
work,
but I thought of grinding seashells (for calcium) and mixing it with the
sand and, maybe, a little sea salt. How do you think this would work?
Any
other ideas?

You scoop up water from land drainage and stagnant pools. Sterilizing
it is left as an exercise for the alert reader.

Burn coconut husks then cover them with sand when the fire is really going.
I heard somewhere that a lack of oxygen while burning creates activated
charcaol. This can then be used as a filter. But will this filter salt?
Maybe this method is better than distillation, but may require an unlimited
number of trees.

Brendan Hall
Uncle Al
Posted: Sun Sep 21, 2003 10:28 am
Guest
Brendan Hall wrote:
Quote:

"Uncle Al" <UncleAl0@hate.spam.net> wrote in message
news:3F6B1C97.CE6D78A3@hate.spam.net...
Brendan Hall wrote:

"Kris" <Kris7@softhome.net> wrote in message
news:BB8DD833.B093%Kris7@softhome.net...
Hello,

I know that the major component of most types of glass is silicon
dioxide.
I've heard that sand is essentially silicon dioxide. How true is
that?
In
general would it be possible to melt regular sand to produce a low
quality
glass block?

When the first Survivor show was on television, I wondered how I would
survive on a deserted island. Specifically, how could I create a means
of
obtaining fresh water in the dry season. Being an impractical lab rat,
I
immediately thought of making a distillation plant out of glass, using
sea
water. So where to get the glass? I'm not sure how well this would
work,
but I thought of grinding seashells (for calcium) and mixing it with the
sand and, maybe, a little sea salt. How do you think this would work?
Any
other ideas?

You scoop up water from land drainage and stagnant pools. Sterilizing
it is left as an exercise for the alert reader.

Burn coconut husks then cover them with sand when the fire is really going.
I heard somewhere that a lack of oxygen while burning creates activated
charcaol. This can then be used as a filter. But will this filter salt?
Maybe this method is better than distillation, but may require an unlimited
number of trees.

Activated charcoal is made by taking vegetable charcoal and blowing
steam through it at white heat. Made by whatever route, activated
charcoal is inert toward percentage dissolved alkali metal and
alkaline earth salts. It has no effect upon bacterial or viral
contamination.

--
Uncle Al
http://www.mazepath.com/uncleal/
(Toxic URL! Unsafe for children and most mammals)
"Quis custodiet ipsos custodes?" The Net!
 
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