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The 'formalising' of dialectics....

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Tom Cod...
Posted: Mon Jul 07, 2008 3:41 pm
Guest
Look, Engels, whom I admire, was not a scientist at all, but merely as
an educated and class concious layman someone who sought to debunk
feudal myticism and certain bourgois ideas. No philosophy in the
world can be a substitute for EVIDENCE.
 
Tom Cod...
Posted: Mon Jul 07, 2008 3:47 pm
Guest
And wasn't Hegel, to summarize him in a very vulgar way, an early,
albeit formalistic and idealized, exponent of the theory of progress
that developed in the 19th Century, that humanity has progressed
through a series of stages up a staircase so to speak, in his view
ideologically e.g. that in their day the Protestants were better than
the Catholics etc etc and so now the commies over the capitalists etc
etc., the latter supposition probably being more loaded today than the
former ironically. truisms that can become quite hoary when little
inferior humans get considered so much dispensable flotsam and jetsam
to these grand schemes.
 
rab...
Posted: Tue Jul 08, 2008 9:48 am
Guest
On 7 Jul, 17:07, stephen <srdiam... at (no spam) gmail.com> wrote:
Quote:
On Jul 7, 5:26 am, rab <rogeralanblackw... at (no spam) yahoo.co.uk> wrote:



On 2 Jul, 03:13, "Jim F." <m... at (no spam) privacy.net> wrote:

"rab" <rogeralanblackw... at (no spam) yahoo.co.uk> wrote in message

news:bb577966-1dc9-4b1c-8769-d4c149d0077a at (no spam) d1g2000hsg.googlegroups.com...

It is only by taking a critical attitude to this 'formalising of
dialectics' that we can develop dialectical materialism today but this
work doesn't easily fit into the everyday consciousness because in the
struggle to grasp even works by Hegel the mind tends to 'formalise'
the content in order to understand the logic espoused. It is
necessary to suspend 'judgement' for a time and just follow the
'argument' in the order that this 'content' may stimulate new thought
through contradiction. Whilst the work of some of those soviet
philosophers may be useful in presenting the 'bare bones' of
dialectical categories and their interconnections it is necessary to
understand the 'active' side of dialectics and the fact that it
develops through struggle.

So what's peoples opinion here concerning Rosa Lichtenstein's
Anti-dialectics website at: http://homepage.ntlworld.com/rosa.l/index.htm
She argues that dialectics is unnecessary to Marxism and indeed has
been harmful to it. She rejects dialectics whether in the form of
orthodox materialism or in the more heterodox varieties of
Western Marxism (i.e. Gramsci, Lukacs, Sartre, Horkheimer etc.)

Jim F.

Lots of people have been 'opposed to dialectics' since the time of
Marx and Engels. However, Marx, Engels, Lenin, and Trotsky all saw
dialectical materialism as central to their world outlook. So why is
just another anti-dialectician worth reading?

To attack it. How often is there an entry point to arguing dialectics
within the Anglo-American left?

srd

More often than you think. I don't think the lady in question is a
serious figure in the Marxist movement. Maybe to Jim F. but I would
question his motives.

Roger
 
stephen...
Posted: Tue Jul 08, 2008 1:52 pm
Guest
On Jul 7, 6:36 pm, Tom Cod <t... at (no spam) hotmail.com> wrote:
Quote:
Yeah, while we're at it, isn't a lot of this "dialectics" so much
mumbo-jumbo or bunkum
espoused by theologians, most of whom don't know what they're talking
about except to say that things
can get reaallly complicated or that there is this mechanical process
of conflict between opposites, but if things
don't really turn out the way we thought or we can't explain something
then it's "dialectical", see, like so much mysticism like the Holy
Trinity or Transubstantiation or some other obscure doctrine we common
folk need priests to safeguard and explain to us.

What is this doctrine anyway and where do you see it recognized in any
sphere outside the realm of a certain milieu of the Marxist Left.
Surely, if one is to say that formal logic has its limits to
the point of ossification one is to speak an aphorism, as would the
observation that all phenomena
need to be looked at their full context, in all their aspects,
particularly temporarily.

A Workers League guy once told me years ago that dialectics is summed
by the critique of formal logic's "A=A"  OK, but A does equal A-at any
particular point in time.  When I see this doctrine generally accepted
in the scientific community or a significant section thereof, then
maybe I'll take it seriously.   It was refreshing after listening to
all this tedium from Wohlforth and the like to peruse Maurice
Cornforth's (of the British CP) 1940s philosophy pamphlet which is
sociologically oriented with the first sentence talking about classes
and class struggle.  OK maybe he was a Stalinist, but hey if Stalin
said the world wasn't flat would he be wrong just because he's Stalin.

I don't understand why you--who always shows great deference to
"revolutionary leaders"--refuses to show it on dialectics. Lenin,
Trotsky--and you'll like this one, Mao--said dialectics was
indispensible to revolutionary practice.

srd
 
stephen...
Posted: Tue Jul 08, 2008 2:01 pm
Guest
On Jul 7, 6:36 pm, Tom Cod <t... at (no spam) hotmail.com> wrote:

Quote:
A Workers League guy once told me years ago that dialectics is summed
by the critique of formal logic's "A=A"  OK, but A does equal A-at any
particular point in time.

As far as I can tell without taking significant time, this is the
_basic_ error involved in Rosa Lichtenstein's critique. The ultimate
thrust of dialectics is to deny the existence of a "point in time."
Trotsky goes into this in "In Defense of Marxism." This is a logical
rather than empirical matter. Thus the lack of relevant direct
evidence.

srd
 
dusty...
Posted: Tue Jul 08, 2008 11:37 pm
Guest
On Jul 8, 10:04 pm, dusty <trackdu... at (no spam) yahoo.com.au> wrote:


Apologies for that. I started trying to post early yesterday; waited
and waited and it didn't appear. So Iwent back and revised and tried
later to do so again and again 4? times. The time lag for the first
was more than 24 hours.....???????????????

The last is the best.
 
Tom Cod...
Posted: Wed Jul 09, 2008 5:13 am
Guest
The question for me is what background do any of these characters have
that makes them experts on physics and the philosophy of science?
advanced degrees in physics, chemistry or biology? peer reviewed
articles? etc. etc. It just seems that they are spouting forth their
own lay, albiet somewhat educated opinions in the manner of creation
science experts. As far as "In Defense of Marxism", I recall that
excellent work which to my recollection dealt with the nature of the
Soviet Union, not vulgar expositions of philosophy. It seems to me
that as is sometimes said about the law, these individuals "know just
enough to be dangerous" meaning to give a scientific rationalization
to their views that can sound somewhat convincing-and mystical-to the
uninitiated.

Engels and Trotsky were great political leaders, not scientists,
although they, particularly the latter, were influenced by Darwin and
developments in science which they sought to popularize and defend,
drawing certain inferences to social history from these conclusons.
 
stephen...
Posted: Wed Jul 09, 2008 12:40 pm
Guest
On Jul 9, 8:13 am, Tom Cod <t... at (no spam) hotmail.com> wrote:
Quote:
The question for me is what background do any of these characters have
that makes them experts on physics and the philosophy of science?
advanced degrees in physics, chemistry or biology?  peer reviewed
articles?  etc. etc.  It just seems that they are spouting forth their
own lay, albiet somewhat educated opinions in the manner of creation
science experts.  As far as "In Defense of Marxism", I recall that
excellent work which to my recollection dealt with the nature of the
Soviet Union, not vulgar expositions of philosophy.   It seems to me
that as is sometimes said about the law, these individuals "know just
enough to be dangerous" meaning to give a scientific rationalization
to their views that can sound somewhat convincing-and mystical-to the
uninitiated.

Engels and Trotsky were great political leaders, not scientists,
although they, particularly the latter, were influenced by Darwin and
developments in science which they sought to popularize and defend,
drawing certain inferences to social history from these conclusons.

On Jul 9, 8:13 am, Tom Cod <t... at (no spam) hotmail.com> wrote:
Quote:
The question for me is what background do any of these characters have
that makes them experts on physics and the philosophy of science?
advanced degrees in physics, chemistry or biology?  peer reviewed
articles?  etc. etc.  It just seems that they are spouting forth their
own lay, albiet somewhat educated opinions in the manner of creation
science experts.  

You had written:

"Yeah, while we're at it, isn't a lot of this "dialectics" so much
mumbo-jumbo or bunkum
espoused by theologians, most of whom don't know what they're talking
about except to say that things
can get reaallly complicated or that there is this mechanical process
of conflict between opposites, but if things
don't really turn out the way we thought or we can't explain
something
then it's "dialectical", see, like so much mysticism like the Holy
Trinity or Transubstantiation or some other obscure doctrine we
common
folk need priests to safeguard and explain to us."

I think you were talking about dialectics as used in Marxist political
practice, not _just_ the dialectics of nature. The orthodox position
is that dialectics is politically useful because matter behaves
dialectically. It is the natural assumtion for a materialist, if
dialectics works, it is because dialectics mirrors the material world,
but the natural assumtion isn't always the best assumtion. In fact, it
is just for those situations that the natural assumtion is NOT the
most epistemically warranted that dialectics proves most valuable.

Probably the main reason that has inclined Marxists to think
dialectics are inherent in matter is that dialectical thinking "works"
politically, and the effectiveness of dialectics would be exlained, if
you assume matter itself is dialectical. The dialectics of nature is
something of an afterthought. Engels (who I think was as qualified as
a philosopher of science as anyone) did not comlete or publish his
work on the subject.

The comparison with creation science is inapt, because dialectics does
not pretend to provide a testable scientific theory. On philosophical
matters at the periphery of science, an educated layman can accomplish
much. But to me the untestability of dialectics, the fact that its
laws are permissive rather than prohibitive like scientific laws,
suggests that the notion that matter itself is dialectical isn't quite
right. Trotsky gives the best description of what dialectics is _for_
here (the essay can also be found at
http://www.themilitant.com/1997/6120/6120_32.html):

"Dialectical thinking is related to vulgar thinking in the same way
that a motion picture is related to a still photograph. The motion
picture does not outlaw the still photograph but combines a series of
them according to the laws of motion. Dialectics does not deny the
syllogism, but teaches us to combine syllogisms in such a way as to
bring our understanding closer to the eternally changing reality.
Hegel in his Logic established a series of laws: change of quantity
into quality, development through contradictions, conflict of content
and form, interruption of continuity, change of possibility into
inevitability, etc., which are just as important for theoretical
thought as is the simple syllogism for more elementary tasks... The
fundamental flaw of vulgar thought lies in the fact that it wishes to
content itself with motionless imprints of reality, which consists of
eternal motion. Dialectical thinking gives to concepts, by means of
closer approximations, corrections, concretizations, a richness of
content and flexibility, I would even say a succulence, which to a
certain extent brings them close to living phenomena."

I see "vulgar thought," perhaps to reductively, as the innate starting
point of al cognition. We cognize reality as static and then correct
our picture to bring in motion. Dialectics systematizes the corrective
steps we must take to have a dynamic view. It generates an open-ended
catalog of false assumptions that must be questioned when starting
from the static picture we are innately cursed with as finite beings
and moving toward a truer account. One assumption holds, for instance,
that any trend can be extrapolated indefinitely. The denial of vulgar
evolutionary extrapolation one exression of the interpenetraton of
opposites, or more narrowly, the transformation of things into their
opposites.

Dialectics demands some ontology's underpinning, but that isn't
necessarily simply (undialectically) asserting that the laws of
dialectics apply to matter itself. One underpinning is the truistic
existence of change. But there's little reason why or even as easy way
how the path toward augmenting a static view, to the extent it is
augmentable, would match the laws governing the actual movement of the
universe.

srd
 
rab...
Posted: Thu Jul 10, 2008 1:01 am
Guest
On 9 Jul, 16:13, Tom Cod <t... at (no spam) hotmail.com> wrote:
Quote:
The question for me is what background do any of these characters have
that makes them experts on physics and the philosophy of science?
advanced degrees in physics, chemistry or biology? peer reviewed
articles? etc. etc. It just seems that they are spouting forth their
own lay, albiet somewhat educated opinions in the manner of creation
science experts. As far as "In Defense of Marxism", I recall that
excellent work which to my recollection dealt with the nature of the
Soviet Union, not vulgar expositions of philosophy. It seems to me
that as is sometimes said about the law, these individuals "know just
enough to be dangerous" meaning to give a scientific rationalization
to their views that can sound somewhat convincing-and mystical-to the
uninitiated.

Engels and Trotsky were great political leaders, not scientists,
although they, particularly the latter, were influenced by Darwin and
developments in science which they sought to popularize and defend,
drawing certain inferences to social history from these conclusons.

Whilst Engels and Trotsky were not scientists they were well educated
in philosophy something most scientists are not. The major problem
for natural scientists in drawing philosophical conclusions from their
work is that the logic they use is quite formal and little changed
since the philosophers of the middle ages. Now this leaves natural
science in a somewhat 'aimless' position which can do a lot of
valuable empirical research and create the conditions for the rapid
development of technology but is socially very backward and
conservative.

Your arguments are remarkably close to those that Bogdanov used
against Lenin to which he wrote 'Materialism and Empirio-criticism'
in reply in 1908, interestingly enough 100 years ago.

Roger
 
Tom Cod...
Posted: Thu Jul 10, 2008 9:14 am
Guest
I would certainly flatter myself if I were to compare myself to
a critic of Lenin's view of some obscure topic. To me the gravamen
of Lenin as an historical figure were his views on war and revolution,
not
those on party organization-harped on by bureacratic rightists
constantly-
and certainly not whatever philosphical musings or crypto-religious
views
he may have had. In fact, Lenin in "Socialism and Religion"
specifically
cautioned on not taking a dogmatic view on issues of this kind.

Thus Lenin focused not on Kant, Hegel or other obscure religico-
philosophical
figures as role models, but individuals like Luxemburg, Liebknecht and
Debs
(the latter whom he cited against Kautsky on the imperialist "Great
War").
Scientists are still steeped in the middle ages? no the cretinist
critics of science
are, a classic example of how the capitalist class had advanced
humanity
in battling feudal ideas, but now in its period of decadence must seek
to
shore them up as an ideological corollory of maintaining its rule by
seeking
to keep the masses as dupe like as possible, but with the means of
production
becoming ever more technically complex that is a daunting task, a
contradiction
the liberal capitalists see as the US sinks into imperial decadence
and illiteracy while its
rivals crank out techinically savvy workers and specialists.

Yes, educated lay critics don't need to know science in order to
postulate certain
conclusions, but only up to the point of the extent of our knowledge
of this material,
otherwise we come across like pretentious ignoramuses, not to the
same
extent as the creationists obviously. The error I see, that is basic
to the creationists
is a form of logic-"starting from the universal" which basically
argues back from a conclusion
which is completely backward and Ptolemaic. We first look at the
facts and then
see where they lead etc and of course intuition can play a role.

I know its politically incorrect around here, but as someone who has
no particular interest
in philosophy (and why should I v. myriad other topics?), the
empiricism and pragmatism of James ("a new word for an old way of
thinking") and Bergson (whom I stumbled onto on Wikipedia) is what I
feel an affinity with, the ranting of political ideologues against
them for years, only having reinforced that view. It also seems
congruent with the methodology of the scientific method which doesn't
start from preconcieved conclusions. The hazards of these type of
"marxist" incursions into philosophy by semi-scientifically literate
ideologues was most dramatically illustrated by the career of TD
Lysenko and "marxist" botany. Obviously the emperor with no clothes is
going to feel threatened by empiricism.
 
stephen...
Posted: Thu Jul 10, 2008 10:18 am
Guest
On Jun 30, 9:31 am, rab <rogeralanblackw... at (no spam) yahoo.co.uk> wrote:

Quote:
It is only by taking a critical attitude to this 'formalising of
dialectics' that we can develop dialectical materialism today but this
work doesn't easily fit into the everyday consciousness because in the
struggle to grasp even works by Hegel the mind tends to 'formalise'
the content in order to understand the logic espoused.  It is
necessary to suspend 'judgement' for a time and just follow the
'argument' in the order that this 'content' may stimulate new thought
through contradiction.  Whilst the work of some of those soviet
philosophers may be useful in presenting the 'bare bones' of
dialectical categories and their interconnections it is necessary to
understand the 'active' side of dialectics and the fact that it
develops through struggle.

I think I may see your point now. In my terms, the "laws" of
dialectics are permissive rather than prohibitive. A equals A, by
contrast--like scientific laws--is prohibitive, in that a cannot be
anything other than A. But is not calling dialectical principles
"laws," then, somewhat misleading? Human laws may be permissive, an
application that furnished the idea for this distinction. Natural laws
are not. Dialectics may be said to be abstracted from nature, but they
don't describe lawful natural patterns, since such description is
necessarily prohibitive.

srd
 
stephen...
Posted: Thu Jul 10, 2008 10:33 am
Guest
On Jul 10, 12:14 pm, Tom Cod <t... at (no spam) hotmail.com> wrote:

Quote:
Yes, educated lay critics don't need to know science in order to postulate
certain conclusions, but only up to the point of the extent of our
knowledge of this material, otherwise we come across like pretentious
ignoramuses, not to the same extent as the creationists obviously. The
error I see, that is basic to the creationists is a form of logic-"starting
from the universal" which basically argues back from a conclusion which is
completely backward and Ptolemaic. We first look at the facts and then see
where they lead etc and of course intuition can play a role.

The so-called Scientific Creationists don't start with the universal
in their purportedly scientific reasoning. Their reasoning, of course,
is deeply flawed, but it is inductive in form. I think you
mischaracterize their program.

Quote:
I know its politically incorrect around here, but as someone who has
no particular interest
in philosophy (and why should I v. myriad other topics?), the
empiricism and pragmatism of James ("a new word for an old way of
thinking") and Bergson (whom I stumbled onto on Wikipedia) is what I
feel an affinity with, the ranting of political ideologues against
them for years, only having reinforced that view.  It also seems
congruent with the methodology of the scientific method which doesn't
start from preconcieved conclusions.  The hazards of these type of
"marxist" incursions into philosophy by semi-scientifically literate
ideologues was most dramatically illustrated by the career of TD
Lysenko and "marxist" botany. Obviously the emperor with no clothes is
going to feel threatened by empiricism.

Pragmatism is most consistent with the Instrumentalist philosophy of
science (Bridgeman). Few working scientists these days embrace it. And
what about James? He was no scientist, unless you consider psychology
scientific <g> What business did he have writing about the philosophy
of science?

Trotsky's view was that the reason to be interested in philosophy is
that, as an American, you will naturally incline to pragmatism
otherwise. And pragmatism in politics is reformism. Not that I want to
guilt trip you into reading philosophy. You might do the same to be
with regard to history!

srd
 
Tom Cod...
Posted: Fri Jul 11, 2008 3:11 am
Guest
Well, I find history interesting to read unlike philosophy,
nonetheless it seems that if something has been shown to not work, as
anyone who has struggled with a mechanical problem on one's car or
anything else intuitively knows, then how much validity does it have.
This tool doesn't work etc. Your political point is well taken only
up to a point. Personally I would draw whatever political conclusions
are apt, if I haven't already, but wouldn't feel any guilt about it at
all. I mean how many rrrevolutions have trotskyists or ites led? not
too many. As a practical matter, I've lived and worked for decades
since the 70s with zero to minimal contact with this mileu, except
outside of cyberspace after 1995-96, so its influence on my political
activity is pretty limited although I consider the time I spent in it
on a fairly full time basis ("I was a teenage trotskyite") to have
been a valuable political apprenticeship.

I would have to say, not only based on my observations through the
media, but my upbringing in a religious boarding school that
creationist do work backwards from a basic holy principle and
immutable truth (viewing a scientific question as a high moral
issue): that God created the world in seven days approxiately six
thousand years ago per the Book of Genesis.
 
rab...
Posted: Sat Jul 12, 2008 5:27 am
Guest
On 10 Jul, 20:14, Tom Cod <t... at (no spam) hotmail.com> wrote:
Quote:
I would certainly flatter myself if I were to compare myself to
a critic of Lenin's view of some obscure topic. To me the gravamen
of Lenin as an historical figure were his views on war and revolution,
not
those on party organization-harped on by bureacratic rightists
constantly-
and certainly not whatever philosphical musings or crypto-religious
views
he may have had. In fact, Lenin in "Socialism and Religion"
specifically
cautioned on not taking a dogmatic view on issues of this kind.

Thus Lenin focused not on Kant, Hegel or other obscure religico-
philosophical
figures as role models, but individuals like Luxemburg, Liebknecht and
Debs
(the latter whom he cited against Kautsky on the imperialist "Great
War").
Scientists are still steeped in the middle ages? no the cretinist
critics of science
are, a classic example of how the capitalist class had advanced
humanity
in battling feudal ideas, but now in its period of decadence must seek
to
shore them up as an ideological corollory of maintaining its rule by
seeking
to keep the masses as dupe like as possible, but with the means of
production
becoming ever more technically complex that is a daunting task, a
contradiction
the liberal capitalists see as the US sinks into imperial decadence
and illiteracy while its
rivals crank out techinically savvy workers and specialists.

Yes, educated lay critics don't need to know science in order to
postulate certain
conclusions, but only up to the point of the extent of our knowledge
of this material,
otherwise we come across like pretentious ignoramuses, not to the
same
extent as the creationists obviously. The error I see, that is basic
to the creationists
is a form of logic-"starting from the universal" which basically
argues back from a conclusion
which is completely backward and Ptolemaic. We first look at the
facts and then
see where they lead etc and of course intuition can play a role.

I know its politically incorrect around here, but as someone who has
no particular interest
in philosophy (and why should I v. myriad other topics?), the
empiricism and pragmatism of James ("a new word for an old way of
thinking") and Bergson (whom I stumbled onto on Wikipedia) is what I
feel an affinity with, the ranting of political ideologues against
them for years, only having reinforced that view. It also seems
congruent with the methodology of the scientific method which doesn't
start from preconcieved conclusions. The hazards of these type of
"marxist" incursions into philosophy by semi-scientifically literate
ideologues was most dramatically illustrated by the career of TD
Lysenko and "marxist" botany. Obviously the emperor with no clothes is
going to feel threatened by empiricism.

American Marxists of the rising generation will no doubt 'cut their
teeth' not only in the class struggle but also in the struggle against
the philosophical outlook of the bourgeoisie which is derived heavily
from the very pragmatism that you espouse. 'The ruling outlook is the
outlook of the ruling class'. If you do not fight this outlook then
you remain confined to think within its parameters and remain subject
to the thinking of its ideologists.

Roger
 
rab...
Posted: Sat Jul 12, 2008 5:49 am
Guest
On 10 Jul, 21:18, stephen <srdiam... at (no spam) gmail.com> wrote:
Quote:
On Jun 30, 9:31 am, rab <rogeralanblackw... at (no spam) yahoo.co.uk> wrote:

It is only by taking a critical attitude to this 'formalising of
dialectics' that we can develop dialectical materialism today but this
work doesn't easily fit into the everyday consciousness because in the
struggle to grasp even works by Hegel the mind tends to 'formalise'
the content in order to understand the logic espoused. It is
necessary to suspend 'judgement' for a time and just follow the
'argument' in the order that this 'content' may stimulate new thought
through contradiction. Whilst the work of some of those soviet
philosophers may be useful in presenting the 'bare bones' of
dialectical categories and their interconnections it is necessary to
understand the 'active' side of dialectics and the fact that it
develops through struggle.

I think I may see your point now. In my terms, the "laws" of
dialectics are permissive rather than prohibitive. A equals A, by
contrast--like scientific laws--is prohibitive, in that a cannot be
anything other than A. But is not calling dialectical principles
"laws," then, somewhat misleading? Human laws may be permissive, an
application that furnished the idea for this distinction. Natural laws
are not. Dialectics may be said to be abstracted from nature, but they
don't describe lawful natural patterns, since such description is
necessarily prohibitive.

srd

Certainly our understanding of what constitutes a 'law of nature' is
somewhat ambiguous because historically the concepts of law emerged in
what seems to us now in a muddled way with human laws and natural laws
all mixed up. This process is of course ongoing but I do not regard
the laws of dialectics in the same ways as I would say the laws of
physics. Dialectics is far more general than natural science and it
relates to our very logic which underpins every other aspect of
scientific reasoning. Of course, as materialists we see the laws of
logic as derived from the laws of nature but this is a very long and
complicated historical process. It is also a long and complicated
process to bring together the dialectical laws and the more empirical
laws of natural science. Engels gave examples and others have
continued his work in the sciences but in many ways it is still in its
infancy. Soviet scientists and philosophers tried to do this for
decades and with lots of resources but still made only very limited
headway. Some of it is a start but the real breakthroughs are yet to
come.

As to the dichotomy of prohibitive and permissive laws I believe this
can also be viewed in a dialectical way rather than a Kantian one
which keeps the two opposites as fixed and immovable.

Roger
 
 
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